In vitro, cytotoxicity evaluation of two new anthracene Schiff base triorganotin(IV) compounds are reported. Molecular docking studies suggest their interaction with Hsp90 and NF-κB p65 proteins. One of the compounds demonstrates a notable inhibitory effect on the proliferation of A-549 (lung carcinoma) cells, and has a strong affinity for those proteins.

Two new anthracene Schiff base triorganotin (IV) compounds trimethylstannyl(E)-4-((anthracen-9-ylmethylene)amino)benzoate (1) and triphenylstannyl(E)-4-((anthracen-9-ylmethylene)amino)benzoate (2) were synthesized by mixing trimethylstannyl (or triphenylstannyl) 4-aminobenzoate and 9-anthraldehyde in anhydrous toluene under refluxing conditions. Elemental analysis, FT-IR, ¹H-NMR, ¹¹⁹Sn NMR and ESI-MS were used to determine the composition of the compounds. X-ray diffraction analyses revealed the structural details of the compounds. The in vitro cytotoxicity assessment of these compunds was screened against human A-549 (lung carcinoma) and rat RBL (leukemia) cancer cell lines. Both compounds displayed a pronounced in vitro cytotoxic effect on the subjected cancer cell lines. Notably, the proliferation of A-549 cells experienced substantial inhibition in the presence of compound 2. The mode of interaction with Hsp90 and NF-κB p65 proteins responsible for cancer propagation was also assessed by molecular docking. Compounds 1 and 2 bind to the Hsp90 protein with binding energies of −307.65 and −373.45 kcal/mol, respectively, while to NF-κB p65 protein the binding energies are of −329.35 and −395.35 kcal/mol, in the same order. Compound 2 exhibited a significantly high binding affinity to NF-κB p65 and Hsp90 proteins validating our experimental findings from the in vitro experiments.

This paper reports the design, synthesis, properties, and applications of a nanocomposite material composed of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and copper nickel co-doped titanium dioxide (Cu-TiO₂-Ni). The material was synthesized using a simple precipitation process, and its properties were characterized using various analytical techniques, including powder X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetry analysis, field emission scanning electron microscopy, and high-resolution tunnelling electron microscopy; BET surface area was investigated. Its application as a catalyst in synthesizing aryl derivatives of benzothiazole and benzimidazoles has been checked.

The paper examines the properties and potential applications of a nanocomposite material composed of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and copper nickel co-doped titanium dioxide (Cu-TiO₂-Ni). The material was synthesized using a simple precipitation process, and its properties were characterized using various analytical techniques, including powder X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetry analysis, field emission scanning electron microscopy, and high-resolution tunnelling electron microscopy; Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) surface area was investigated. The results showed that the addition of Cu-TiO₂-Ni to PVA improved the material's Ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy (UV) absorption properties. Additionally, the PVA/Cu-TiO₂-Ni nanocomposite material exhibited potential for use in a range of applications, including catalysis. Its utility in synthesizing aryl derivatives of benzothiazole and benzimidazoles, which are crucial intermediates in the fine chemical, agrochemical, and pharmaceutical industries and material science, was evaluated. It was found to offer several advantages, including a quick reaction time, simple workup, and good to excellent isolated yields. These characteristics make this protocol both practical and economically intriguing.

No abstract is available for this article.

Graphitic-carbon nitride system (C₃N₅) was functionalized with Pd nanoparticles as a result of in situ reduction of Pd²⁺ through a prepared N-rich system. The obtained composite demonstrates excellent photocatalytic activity in the Suzuki-Miyaura coupling reaction.

Utilizing sunlight as a driving force in chemical reactions is a great benefit for a sustainable future. Metal-based composites are basic components in various catalytic reactions. However, few researches reported carbon nitride-supported Pd nanoparticles in photocatalytic coupling reactions. This study reports the preparation of a graphitic-carbon nitride system (C₃N₅) followed by modification with various amounts of Pd nanoparticles. The C₃N₅ was synthesized by thermal deammoniation of melem hydrazine precursor and then modified by Pd cations to create a metallic composite. Regarding the N-rich surface of C₃N₅, Pd²⁺ cations are rapidly reduced to Pd nanoparticles in mild conditions, which is strongly supported by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analyses. Moreover, field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) analyses clearly depicted the formation of 20 nm Pd nanoparticles on the surface of C₃N₅. The obtained Pd/C₃N₅ composite exhibited prominent photocatalytic performance for Suzuki-Miyaura coupling reactions (91% during 25 min at room temperature). This study also compares the effect of various amounts of Pd cation in the progress of Suzuki-Miyaura coupling reactions.

Herein, an environmentally benign approach was developed for immobilizing and anchoring Pd-Cu alloy nanoparticles on Murexide (MX) functionalized carbon nanotubes (CNT). Afterward, the catalytic activity of Pd₂-Cu₃@MX/CNT was studied in synthesizing 2,3-dihydro quinazoline-4(1H)-ones and carbon-carbon coupling reactions at sustainable reaction conditions under ultrasound irradiation. The results demonstrated that high-affinity MX ligand and porous CNT structures than the adsorption of Pd–Cu had a unique designation in the high-range constancy of the alloy nanoparticles and following catalytic activity.

Sketching a proper catalytic system with supplementary attributes, containing easy separation, wide surface area, supreme loading capacity, and fantastical electronic attributes, proposes an encouraging direction for efficiently using nanostructures for various applications. However, the capability to adjust the nano-measure bimetallic particles is an adjustment for attaining superb performance in the catalytic field. Herein, an environmentally benign approach was developed for immobilizing and anchoring Pd-Cu alloy nanoparticles on murexide (MX)-functionalized carbon nanotubes (CNTs). Afterward, the catalytic activity of Pd₂-Cu₃@MX/CNT was studied in synthesizing 2,3-dihydro quinazoline-4(1H)-ones and carbon–carbon coupling reactions at sustainable reaction conditions under ultrasound irradiation. The results demonstrated that high-affinity MX ligand and porous CNT structures than the adsorption of Pd–Cu had a unique designation in the high-range constancy of the alloy nanoparticles and following catalytic activity. In addition, ultrasound irradiation got electrons of Pd–Cu alloy nanoparticles agitated, constructing a synergic efficacy between Cu and Pd metals for synthesis and coupling reactions. Our study represents that the designed catalyst is green, recyclable, and most suitable, providing new intuition into in high-range constancy of bimetallic nanoparticles for broad applications.

A Fe₃O₄@COOH-activated carbon (Fe₃O₄@CFC-COOH) was prepared via carboxyl-functionalization of the activated carbon derived from feather waste, followed by co-precipitation of Fe²⁺ and Fe³⁺ under alkaline conditions. This hybrid organic–inorganic porous compound was applied for the in-situ synthesis of TMU-16 MOF and, subsequently, further engaged as support for immobilizing of Cu nanoparticles. The multi-application of the as-synthesized nanocomposite was investigated in the synthesis of tetrahydrobenzo[b]pyrans derivatives and the removal of methylene blue from aqueous media. The adsorption process fitted well with the Freundlich model and has followed the pseudo-second-order model kinetic model. Also, the Fe₃O₄@CFC-COOH@TMU-16@Cu exhibited high catalytic activity in the synthesis of tetrahydrobenzo[b]pyran derivatives.

A Fe₃O₄@activated carbon-COOH (Fe₃O₄@CFC-COOH) was prepared via carboxyl-functionalization of the activated carbon derived from feather waste, followed by co-precipitation of Fe²⁺ and Fe³⁺ under alkaline conditions. This hybrid organic–inorganic porous compound was applied for in-situ synthesis of TMU-16 metal–organic framework and, subsequently, further engaged as support for immobilizing of Cu nanoparticles. The multi-application of the as-synthesized nanocomposite was investigated in the synthesis of tetrahydrobenzo[b]pyrans derivatives and the removal of methylene blue from aqueous media. The maximum absorption percentage (Re) for the removal of methylene blue was 96%. The adsorption process fitted well with the Freundlich model and has followed the pseudo-second-order kinetic model. Also, the Fe₃O₄@CFC-COOH@TMU-16@Cu exhibited high catalytic activity in the synthesis of tetrahydrobenzo[b]pyran derivatives with a wide range of aldehydes bearing electron-donating and electron-withdrawing groups.

Here, Co-Cu/ZIF@HAp, a novel HAp-based nanocomposite, was synthesized. The prepared nanocomposite performed well as a photocatalyst in the degradation of organic pollutants. From the investigation, it was found that two common organic dyes, namely, Eosin Yellow (EY) and Brilliant Green (BG), were degraded up to 98.3% and 99.5%, respectively within 50 min by as-synthesized photocatalyst. Further, higher stability and reusability of the photocatalyst were ensured by recyclability test.

In this study, a novel hydroxyapatite (HAp)-based composite, Co-Cu/ZIF@HAp, was constructed through in situ growth and simultaneous sonication followed by magnetic string. Herein, the HAp-based nanocomposite was obtained in which HAp was coated with cobalt–copper bimetallic zeolitic imidazolate framework (ZIF) in one-pot synthesis method. The as-synthesized composite was characterized by PXRD, FTIR, FE-SEM, EDS, HR-TEM, TGA-DTG, XPS, BET, and UV-DRS techniques, which suggested that HAp was well coated with bimetallic ZIF. The prepared composite was utilized as a catalyst in degradation of organic pollutants. Removal of organic pollutants such as organic dyes has become indispensable due to their higher stability, toxicity, and mutagenic nature. Two commonly found organic dyes, namely, Eosin Yellow (EY) and Brilliant Green (BG), were chosen for the investigation of photocatalytic activity of the as-prepared catalyst. The degradation process was carried out under solar radiation, and there was no utilization of any oxidizing and reducing agent. Several parameters such as amount of catalyst dose, initial concentration of the dye solution, and effect of different pH conditions were evaluated for better understanding of photocatalytic performance of Co-Cu/ZIF@HAp composite. Both EY and BG dyes were almost degraded up to 98.3% and 99.5%, respectively, within 50 min by the as-prepared nanocomposite. Also, quenching test was performed that confirmed the formation of superoxide radicals (O₂ ^−.) as reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the photodegradation process. The as-synthesized catalyst was repeatedly used for five times to ascertain the stability and reusability of catalyst.

The chemically stable green mixed synthesis of Co₃O₄.NiO.ZrO₂ nanoalloy has a spherical shape with an average particle size of 32 nm. This ferromagnetic nanoalloy with strong saturation magnetization (Ms) (12.42 emu/g) and low coercivity (Hc) (282.36 Oe) can be used in bio-fresh magnetic storage devices, ferrofluids technologies, and magnetically calorie refrigeration. Also, the nanoalloy shows exceptional antibacterial activity against the gram-positive and gram-negative high-pathogenic bacteria.

The tri-metallic magnetic nanoalloy synthesized via the eco-friendly procedure discussed here contains cobalt (Co), nickel (Ni), and zirconium (Zr) metals in a 3:1:1 M ratio (Co₃O₄.NiO.ZrO₂ nanoalloy). Two different plant extracts which are rich in biologically active compounds from Spermacoce hispida and Vernonia cinereum were combined to get a multispecies nanoalloy with magnetic properties and medicinal values. The Fourier transform infrared, X-ray diffraction, and transmission and scanning electron microscopes analyses confirmed the spherical shape of the bioinspired Co₃O₄.NiO.ZrO₂ nanoalloy. The average size of our nanoalloy was 32 nm, but the individual nanoparticles are between 21 and 73 nm in size. A vibrating sample magnetometer study of the magnetic characteristics of the nanoalloy reveals strong saturation magnetization (12.42 emu/g), low retentivity (Mr), and low coercivity (Hc) (282.36 Oe). The higher saturation magnetization in nanoalloy is attributed to their larger particle size, a high degree of crystalline structure, and slight external spinning deformation. The low coercive field (Hc) value reveals the unique soft nature of our nanoalloy. The disc diffusion study confirms that a 6.3 μg/mL solution of the nanoalloy kills almost 96% of the harmful bacteria like Bacillus subtilis (29 mm), Bacillus cereus (26 mm), and Escherichia coli (21 mm). It shows a moderate effect of 85% killing factor against Staphylococcus albus (17 mm), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (13 mm), and Klebsiella pneumoniae (15 mm) bacteria.

A new hydrazone ligand (AlloxHQ) and its copper (II) complexes have been synthesized and characterized. Mono-, bi- and tri-nuclear complexes are obtained. AlloxHQ and its complexes showed antitumor activity toward Ehrlich Ascites Carcinoma and coordination with copper improved the antitumor activity. The biological activity was confirmed by molecular docking study.

Reaction of 1-(4-methylquinoline-2-yl)hydrazine with Alloxan yielded a new hydrazone ligand (AlloxHQ). Binary copper (II) AlloxHQ complexes have been successfully prepared utilizing different copper (II) salts (chloride, bromide, sulfate, and acetate). Moreover, ternary complexes have been prepared by using secondary ligands; 1,10-phenanthroline and oxine. The structures of AlloxHQ and Cu (II)-AlloxHQ complexes have been investigated with the aid of elemental analysis, nuclear magnetic resonance, infrared, electronic, mass, and electron spin resonance spectra, thermal analysis in addition to measurements of molar conductivity and magnetic susceptibility. Mono-, bi-, and tri-nuclear complexes were obtained, reflecting that the coordinating manner of AlloxHQ is extremely influenced by both the nature of the counter anion and the pH of the medium. AlloxHQ acts as a tri-, bi-, or penta-dentate ligand with different modes of bonding. AlloxHQ and its copper (II) complexes exhibited antitumor activity towards Ehrlich Ascites Carcinoma and coordination with copper improved the antitumor activity. The biological activity was confirmed by molecular docking study to investigate how the title compounds bind to the CDK-5 inhibitor-crystal structure of inhibitor EFP with CDK-2 (PDB ID: 3IG7).