The HH-AgNPs exhibited significant anti-AChE potential as compared to HH-plant extract and proved to be an herbal source for the treatment of AD.

For the green fabrication of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), scientists are favoring herbal sources to avoid the toxic effects of synthetic sources. Thus, in this study, the AgNPs were generated using the herbal extract of the whole plant Hippeastrum hybridum L. (HH) and 1 mM AgNO₃ aqueous solution. These HH-AgNPs were characterized via UV–Vis Spectroscopy, which showed a maximum absorbance of 1.61 at a 432 nm sharp peak; FT-R analysis, which confirmed the functional groups in HH extract and their AgNPs; XRD analysis, which gives 4-Bragg's reflections at 2θ and confirmed the HH-AgNPs crystal structure with 13.3 nm average size; SEM analysis, which confirmed the irregular-shaped morphology with 40 nm mean size; and EDX analysis, which confirmed the elemental composition and reported that Ag was present in 22.75%. After characterization, these AgNPs were tested as anti-Alzheimer agents against acetylcholinesterase (AChE) in ex vivo activity using rat brain homogenate as a source of AChE enzyme. AChE showed 48 ± 0.03 and 42 ± 0.05% activity at 150 μg concentration of HH plant and HH-AgNPs, respectively, with 145 ± 0.24 and 124.2 ± 0.14 μg IC ₅₀ concentration. According to enzyme kinetics results, the plant extract inhibits AChE in competitive mode (K _m increased from 166.2% to 1,379.2% and V _max not affected), while HH-AgNPs showed the mixed mode of inhibition (K _m increased from 0.029 to 0.048, and V _max decreased from 9 to 5.4). K _Iapp and V _maxiapp were also calculated (K _Iapp increased from 39 to 95.1 μg, and V _maxiapp remained constant for the plant), while for HH-AgNPs, both K _maxipp and V _maxiapp increased from 122.32 to 325 μg and 8.15 to 9.8 μg, respectively. The K _m , K _i , and K _I were also calculated and were found to be 0.017 mM (HH-plant) and 0.2 mM (HH-AgNPs); 98 μg (HH-plant); and 129 μg (HH-AgNPs), 53 μg (HH-plant), and 179 μg (HH-AgNPs), respectively. γK _m (18 mM) was calculated for HH-AgNPs, while for HH-plant, it is not applicable. In conclusion, it could be said that HH-plant plays a significant role in the generation of small-size HH-AgNPs. These AgNPs exhibited significant anti-AChE potential as compared to HH-plant extract and proved to be an herbal source for the treatment of AD.

We use different donating systems for half-sandwich Ru (II) complexes to see the effect of ligands on aerobic oxidation of benzylamine.

In this study, we compared carbene and pyridine substituted ligands {3-Me-1-[2-(CH₂CH₂SPh)]-C₇H₄N₂} (L¹) and {2-[(2,6-iPr₂-C₆H₃)N=CH]-6-(MeO)C₅H₃N}(L²) for synthesis of ionic C,S- and N,N-coordinated Ru (II) complexes [(κ²-L¹)RuCl(η⁶-p-cymene)]⁺Cl⁻ (1), [(κ²-L¹)RuI(η⁶-p-cymene)]⁺I⁻ (2), and [(κ²-L²)RuCl(η⁶-p-cymene)]⁺Cl⁻ (3), respectively. Stannylene ligand [{2,6-(Me₂NCH₂)₂C₆H₃}SnCl] (L³), as heavy carbene analog, was also used in this study to prepare neutral Sn-coordinated Ru (II) complex [(κ¹-L³)RuCl₂(η⁶-p-cymene)] (4). Finally, reaction of SnCl₂ with 1, 3, and 4 was also studied to yield [(κ²-L¹)RuCl(η⁶-p-cymene)]⁺[SnCl₃]⁻ (5), [(κ²-L²)RuCl(η⁶-p-cymene)]⁺[SnCl₃]⁻ (6), and [(κ¹-L³)RuCl (SnCl₃)(η⁶-p-cymene)] (7). The catalytic activity of 1–7 was tested on aerobic oxidation of benzylamine. The effect of different ligands L^1–3 as well as the effect of the SnCl₃ ⁻ moiety is discussed.

A novel silica-coated magnetite supported boronic acid functionalized nanocatalyst (Fe₃O₄@SiO₂-Pr-N=CH-C₆H₄B(OH)₂) was synthesized using a simple approach. The structure of the nanocatalyst was characterized using FT-IR, XRD, EDX, TGA-DTA, FE-SEM, TEM, and VSM techniques. The catalytic activity of Fe₃O₄@SiO₂-Pr-N=CH-C₆H₄B(OH)₂ was explored in the synthesis of hydrazinyl thiazoles via one-pot, the three-component reaction of phenacyl halide, thiosemicarbazide, and aryl aldehyde in EtOH:H₂O (50:50, v/v) at room temperature. The catalyst was easily isolated using an external magnet from the reaction mixture and reused for the sixth run without significant loss of catalytic activity. The present approach offers the advantages of operational simplicity, shorter reaction time, ambient reaction condition, facile separation of catalyst, and higher yields of the products.

A novel silica-coated magnetite supported boronic acid functionalized nanocatalyst (Fe₃O₄@SiO₂-Pr-N=CH-C₆H₄B[OH]₂) was synthesized using a simple synthetic protocol. The catalyst was fully characterized by using Fourier transform-infrared (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), energy dispersive X-ray (EDX), thermogravimetric analysis-differential thermal analysis (TGA-DTA), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM) techniques. The structural investigations revealed that the catalyst is nano-sized (average crystallite size 13 nm), spherical, thermally stable, and magnetic in nature having a magnetic saturation of 51.26 emu/g. The catalytic activity of Fe₃O₄@SiO₂-Pr-N=CH-C₆H₄B(OH)₂ was explored in the synthesis of hydrazinyl thiazoles via one-pot, three-component reaction of phenacyl halide, thiosemicarbazide and aryl aldehyde in EtOH:H₂O (50:50, v/v) at room temperature and it gave above 90% yields of hydrazinyl thiazoles. The catalyst being magnetically separable can be reused six times with the retention of catalytic activity. The present approach offers the advantages of operational simplicity, shorter reaction time, ambient reaction condition, facile separation of catalyst, and higher yields of the products.

A nano magnetic MOF-based catalyst containing copper species has been successfully synthesized and characterized. The catalytic performance of magnetic Ox-CN-Cu-MOF evaluated in reduction of nitro-compounds. Moreover, recyclability test of the magnetic Ox-CN-Cu-MOF was performed, and the results proved that this catalyst is simply recovered from the mixture and shows a high and relatively stable catalytic activity during 10 runs with a narrow decrease in product conversion.

Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) have emerged as highly viable and environmentally friendly alternatives to traditional catalysts within the catalytic family. This project delves into the investigation and subsequent reporting of the remarkable catalytic performance exhibited by magnetic Ox-CN-Cu-MOF in the reduction of nitroarenes. The synthesis of magnetic Ox-CN-Cu-MOF was achieved through a streamlined and intricate process, with its structure meticulously identified via various analytical methods including high-resolution transmision electron microscopy (HRTEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy/energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM/EDS), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET), vibrating-sample magnetometry (VSM) and thermogravimetric (TG) analysis. Of particular significance, the loading of copper (Cu) and its potential leaching were effectively detected through inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES) analysis. The catalytic efficacy of magnetic Ox-CN-Cu-MOF was evaluated during the conversion of nitro compounds o related-amines utilizing NaBH₄ as the reductant. Remarkably, the unique structure and Lewis acidic properties of copper in the metal nodes contributed to the exceptional catalytic behavior exhibited by the magnetic Ox-CN-Cu-MOF catalyst, surpassing that of previously reported catalysts. Furthermore, magnetic Ox-CN-Cu-MOF demonstrated exceptional recyclability, as validated through repetitive continuous usage.

Multifaceted Fe₃O₄-Pd@rGO nanocomposite (NC) has been synthesized successfully by a biogenic method using Ocimum tenuiflorum leaf extract. It was a stable and highly efficient magnetically separable catalyst for Beckmann rearrangement of aldoximes under an environment-friendly medium. It afforded up to 99% isolated yield of the preferred products under acid-free condition, avoiding the use of any harsh chemicals, which will be beneficial for future industrial applications.

The multifaceted Fe₃O₄-Pd@rGO nanocomposite (NC) has been synthesized successfully by a biogenic method using Ocimum tenuiflorum leaf extract. The preparation of graphene oxide (GO) was done by the well-known modified Hummer method. The as-synthesized Fe₃O₄-Pd@rGO NC was extensively characterized by various analytical techniques, namely, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy-energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (FESEM-EDX), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM) and Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) surface area analysis. The absence of peak corresponding to υ(CO) at 1732 cm⁻¹ in the FTIR spectrum of Fe₃O₄-Pd@rGO enumerates the reduction of GO to reduced graphene oxide (rGO) during Fe₃O₄-Pd nanoparticle (NP) synthesis with O. tenuiflorum leaf extract. The XRD pattern reveals the existence of rGO, cubic-phased spinel-structured Fe₃O₄ along with the formation of metallic Pd NP without any impurities. The FESEM image designates the spherical and flake-like morphology of the NC. The crystallite size of the NC was calculated employing the Debye–Scherrer equation and was found to be 3.45 nm corresponding to the (220) plane. The average particle size of Fe₃O₄-Pd NPs as estimated from the particle size distribution curve was ascertained as 3.03 nm. The utmost saturation magnetization value of the NC as evaluated by VSM study has appeared at 0.6219 emu g⁻¹ having coercivity value of 335.1 Oe and remanent magnetization value of 0.0767 emu g⁻¹, suggesting the existence of a ferromagnetic material in the synthesized NC. It was a stable and highly efficient catalyst for Beckmann rearrangement of aldoximes using in an environment-friendly medium. It afforded up to 99% isolated yield of the preferred products under acid-free condition, avoiding the use of any harsh chemicals that will be beneficial for future industrial applications. Finally, the magnetic component of the NC allowed for easy recovery of the catalyst, thereby eliminating the chance of leaching of metal atoms, and was reusable till six successive cycles without apparent loss of its catalytic performance.

Study on uranium adsorption materials is crucial in addressing uranium pollution and safeguarding water resources. In this paper, a novel Ni/Co-LDH@ZIF-67/8-MOF (LDH/MOF) composite was fabricated by loading ZIF-67/8-MOF on the surface of Ni/Co-LDH with silane coupling group as bonding agent. The LDH/MOF composite was tested by XRD, FT-IR, SEM, TGA, and XPS methods. The LDH/MOF composite exhibited exceptional uranium (U (VI)) adsorption capacity, with the Langmuir isotherm model estimating a maximum adsorption capacity of 617.33 mg/g, and the adsorption process followed quasi-second-order kinetics. Notably, ultrasonic mixing achieved equilibrium in a mere 5 minutes, outperforming traditional oscillation mixing by a considerable margin, offering new possibilities for enhancing uranium removal efficiency. Furthermore, thermodynamic analysis revealed the spontaneous and endothermic nature of U (VI) adsorption onto LDH/MOF. In addition, XPS investigations provided valuable insights into the adsorption mechanisms, primarily involving surface complexation, chelation, and ion exchange. These innovative findings open new avenues for the development of highly selective and efficient uranium separation methods, highlighting the promising potential of LDH/MOF as a highly prospective material for uranium separation in diverse applications, including environmental remediation and nuclear waste management.

Research article emphasizes the biological synthesis, characterization, and in vitro investigation of manganese oxide nanoparticles using aerial parts of Prunus dulcis and gives significant activity against cervical cancer cells.

The field of functional nanohybrid material is an emerging research area in material science due to its vast range of applications. The use of novel technology and innovative therapeutics has led to potent applications, including controlling the size of nanoparticles (NPs). This has resulted in a novel report on the synthesis of manganese oxide NPs using aerial parts of queen of roses Prunus dulcis (almond) leaves, seed, and seed oil (using Clevenger apparatus), which functions as a reducing agent. Manganese sulfate was used as a precursor in the synthesis process. The synthesized nanohybrid Mn₃O₄ NPs were studied using different characteristics techniques such as X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX). The photoluminescence spectra display the blue emission ranging from 483.2 to 486.5 nm. The biosynthesized Mn₃O₄ NPs were tested for bactericidal activity and showed tremendous inhibition against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. The antioxidant activity of Mn₃O₄ NPs was enhanced using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay, which revealed the higher activity of Mn₃O₄ NPs from P. dulcis leaf extract. In vitro cytotoxicity of hybrid Mn₃O₄ NPs was examined using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay against cervical cancer (HeLa cell line) with different concentrations. The results showed an IC₅₀ value of 61.97 μg mL⁻¹ for Mn₃O₄ NPs from P. dulcis leaf extract. In general, the phytosynthetic route with synergistic effect of nanohybrid demonstrated an interaction with cancer cells, highlighting a pioneering optimum approach in synthesis of Mn₃O₄ NPs from aerial parts of P. dulcis.

The graphical abstract present that study was conducted to identify the efficacy of hydrothermally synthesized ZnO NPs against the pathogenic fungi Fusariumincarnatum (MT682502) and Aspergillus niger (MT675916) isolated from the capsicum and tomato, respectively, and identified through morphological and molecular analysis. The toxicity evaluation of ZnO NPs was also examined against the human embryonic kidney (HEK293) cell line for their safe use.

As nanotechnology gains popularity in medicine, there is a growing concern that small nanoparticles (NPs) could accumulate and penetrate deep into the human body, posing potential risks to various organs. To ensure safe usage and assess potential hazards, it is crucial to conduct a toxicological evaluation of ZnO NPs on human organs such as the kidney. The present study involved the synthesis of ZnO NPs by using the hydrothermal method. Pure and crystalline phase was confirmed by X-ray diffraction (XRD). The SEM images displayed less agglomerated surface morphology, implying that the NPs were distributed relatively evenly and exhibited a plate-like shape. Two pathogenic fungi Fusarium incarnatum and Aspergillus niger were isolated from the capsicum and tomato, respectively, and identified through morphological and molecular analysis. The antimycotic property of synthesized ZnO NPs were examined against Fusariumincarnatum (MT682502) and Aspergillus niger (MT675916) and showed decreased microbial growth after 9 days of incubation. The toxicological evaluation of ZnO NPs on a human embryonic kidney (HEK293) cell line showed 88% cell viability with 10 μg/ml, leading to the safe use of ZnO NPs.

Nickel oxide nanoparticle (NiOxi-NP) synthesized from Enicostemma littorale (ESL) plant extract has a spherical shape (33–46 nm) with face centre cubic lattice showing two intense peaks at 2θ = 36.42° (111) and 42.87° (200). It shows better anticancer activity on the (MCF-7) breast tumour cancer cell line (MCF-7) with the IC₅₀ value of 12.87 μg/mL. It shows better antibacterial activity on harmful bacteria and photodegradation of the dye rhodamine B (RBD) in 16 min at 0.025 mg/L

Nickel oxide nanoparticles (NiOxi-NPs) with a spherical shape have been developed using a green aqueous extract of the Enicostemma littorale plant, and their efficacy on various photochemical and biological applications like antibacterial and anticancer has been studied. The intense vibrational bands in the Fourier transformer infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) spectrum correspond to Ni-O, C=O, and O-H, confirming the formation of NiOxi-NP. Also, two intense peaks at 2θ = 36.42° (111) and 42.87° (200) in the X-ray diffraction (XRD) spectrum confirm the NiOxi-NP crystal lattice as face center cubic (FCC). To determine the light-absorbing behavior and shape of the newly produced NiOxi-NP, UV-visible, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) investigations were performed. NiOxi-NP has a maximal distinctive UV-visible absorption wavelength in the 306-nm region. The nickel oxide nanoparticles are formed in spherical form and dispersed in the 33- to 46-nm size range, according to the SEM and TEM investigations. According to the 3-(4,5-dimethyl thiazolyl-2)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, the Michigan Cancer Foundation-7 (MCF-7) breast tumor cancer cell line is extremely responsive to the green NiOxi-NPs' exceptional lethal effectiveness. The IC₅₀ value for MCF-7 cell lines is 12.87 μg/mL. When tested against bacteria such as Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus, and Escherichia coli stains, the aforementioned particles demonstrate greater activity on the three bacteria. The photocatalytic activity of the greenery NiOxi-NP over the dye rhodamine B (RBD) was finished in 16 min when the solution concentration was 0.025 mg/L. The green synthesis of NiOxi-NP nanoparticles can behave as a better UV-visible screener between 290 and 450 nm, a better antimicrobial agent, a better RBD degradation agent, and a better low-dose anticancer agent.

Salicylaldehyde imine nickel complexes Ni1-Ni10 containing different electron-donating and electron-withdrawing groups on benzene rings were synthesized, using ethylenediamine, salicylaldehyde derivatives with different substituents and nickel chloride hexahydrate as raw materials. Structure characterization, such as elemental analysis, Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), ultraviolet–visible (UV–Vis), and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS), confirmed that the structure of synthesized complexes was consistent with the theoretical. Salicylaldehyde imine nickel complexes exhibited good catalytic activity in ethylene oligomerization process, and complexes containing electron-donating groups on the benzene ring had higher catalytic activity than complexes containing electron-withdrawing groups on the benzene ring. With the increase of steric hindrance of phenol hydroxyl ortho-substituents, the catalytic activity decreased, as well as the catalytic selectivity toward olefins with higher carbon number. The relationship between structure and catalytic properties was further studied by density functional theory (DFT) calculations, and the possible mechanism of nickel complexes catalyzing ethylene oligomerization was proposed.