The studies reveal that the metal complex could attach to ct-DNA successfully through groove binding mode. Studies on the complexes' in vitro antibacterial activity demonstrated their importance and good antimicrobial activity at three distinct concentrations.

Three novel ternary complexes [M^II (PDA)(o-phen)(H₂O)] (M^II = Co^II, Ni^II, and Cu^II) were synthesized using 2,6-pyridinedicarboxylicacid as a primary ligand and 1,10-phenanthroline(o-phen) as the auxiliary ligand and analyzed by FT-IR, mass, UV–Vis, thermogravimetry analysis, and conductivity measurement data. Based on electronic spectral measurements, all three of the metal complexes were found to have octahedral stereochemistry. The way metal complexes interact with ct-DNA was studied using various methods including absorption spectroscopy, fluorescence spectroscopy, and viscosity measurements. UV–Vis absorption technique has been used to explore the binding characteristics of M (II) complexes with ct-DNA. The complexes bind to DNA via groove mode of binding, according to the spectral data. The salt-dependent binding of ternary metal complexes to ct-DNA has been studied by UV–Vis spectrophotometric titration experiment. Furthermore, gel electrophoresis is used to examine how the metal complexes interacted with the pBR322 DNA. The outcomes showed that these compounds can function as efficient DNA cleaving agents. Studies on the complexes' in vitro antibacterial activity demonstrated their importance and good antimicrobial activity at three distinct concentrations (50, 75, and 100 g/mL).

Three Co (III)–Co (II) mixed valence dinuclear complexes were synthesized and characterized using various techniques. These complexes exhibited elongated octahedral geometry around Co (II) ion, significant magnetic anisotropy, and field-induced single-molecule magnet behavior with magnetization relaxation through Raman, Orbach, and direct processes. The analysis of magnetic properties was complemented by theoretical calculations.

Three mixed valence dinuclear Co (III)–Co (II)-based complexes having general formulae of [Co^IICo^III (HL₂)₂(L¹)] [L¹H = 2-hydroxy-1-naphthaldehyde (1), o-vanillin (2), and salicylaldehyde (3)] have been synthesized successfully using Schiff base (LH₄) ligand. The complexes were characterized by single-crystal XRD, powder XRD, IR, and UV–Vis analyses. The Co^II ion with elongated octahedral geometry conferred significant magnetic anisotropy with D values being 64.0(8), 71.1(7), and 52.1(3) cm⁻¹ for 1, 2, and 3, respectively. These complexes exhibited single-molecule magnet behavior with magnetic relaxation occurring mainly through Raman for 1 and 3 whereas direct and Raman for complex 2. The analysis of the static and dynamic magnetic properties was further supported by theoretical calculations using CASSCF/DLPNO-NEVPT2.

In this literature, the synthesis of indeno[1,2-b]indolone from starting materials of ninhydrin, derivatives of aniline, and dimedone by using copper ferrite anchored to chitosan bearing Schiff base (CuFe₂O₄@CS-SB) as a catalyst in water solvent under ultrasound irradiation was described.

In this literature, the synthesis of indeno[1,2-b]indolone from starting materials of ninhydrin, derivatives of aniline, and dimedone by using copper ferrite anchored to chitosan bearing Schiff base (CuFe₂O₄@CS-SB) as a catalyst in water solvent under ultrasound irradiation was described. This catalyst was designed, fabricated, and characterized by the FT-IR, ¹H NMR, XRD, SEM, TGA, mapping scan, EDX, and BET techniques. This prepared acidic, effective heterogeneous catalyst catalyzed green synthesis of indeno-indolone derivatives in a very short reaction times between 1 and 7 min with excellent yields between 95% and 99%. Also, the FT-IR, ¹H NMR, and melting point analyses are used to identify the synthesis of the indolones as organic products.

Enhanced activity of NiCuO/T nanocatalysts was measured towards ethanol electro-oxidation process.

A facile and reduced cost fabrication protocol was followed to have a series of nickel oxide nanospecies onto graphite support with introducing varied copper oxide wt.% values (NiCuO/T). The co-precipitation of metallic hydroxide particles onto carbonaceous surfaces and their subsequent burning at 400°C were sufficient to prepare mixed transition metal oxides. Suitable analysis tools were exploited to fully characterize the obtained nanopowders using scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and energy dispersive X-ray analysis. Outstanding performances of the formed nanocatalysts for catalyzing ethanol electro-oxidation reaction were measured especially in presence of 15 wt.% copper oxide content. The onset potential (E_onset) value of alcohol oxidation process was negatively shifted at dispersed NiO nanoparticles onto graphite after doping with copper oxide nanospecies. This promoted activity of prepared nanomaterials could be explained by their increased active sites when binary metallic oxides were incorporated. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy studies demonstrated much lowered resistances in alkaline solution containing ethanol molecules to ascertain the enhanced behavior of NiCuO/T nanocatalysts. Moreover, their good stability attitude encouraged the application of doped nanomaterials with copper oxide for fuel cells application.

A novel chiral-at-uranium complex (Uranyl-HPIDO) was designed for enantioseparation of R/S-malaoxons (R/S-MLXs). Based on density functional theory, we unraveled complexation between Uranyl-HPIDO and R/S-MLXs. The results indicated that Uranyl-HPIDO preferred to bind to phosphoryl oxygen of R/S-MLXs to form stable complexes and realized the enantioseparation of chiral MLXs.

Unraveling uranium complexes has become a popular study topic in recent years to address the problem of spent fuel treatment. An important and promising investigation is the enantiomer separation of chiral organophosphorus pesticides (OPs) via uranyl-containing receptors. Among them, malaoxon (MLX), as a chiral OP with high toxicity and good selectivity, is controversial because of the different toxicity differences caused by the R and S configurations to target and non-target organisms. Therefore, it is crucial to explore effective methods for separating its enantiomers. In this work, a novel 2-(9-[1H-pyrazole-1-carbonyl]-1,10-phenanthrolin-2-yl)-1H-inden-1-one (HPIDO) ligand, which combines with uranyl to form the chiral-at-uranium complex (Uranyl-HPIDO receptor), was designed for the enantioseparation of R/S-malaoxons (R/S-MLXs). Based on density functional theory (DFT), we explored the potential coordination modes between the Uranyl-HPIDO receptor and R/S-MLXs at various sites. The analyses of bonding properties, orbital interactions, and weak interactions of intramolecular groups of the complexes, along with the study of thermodynamic properties, revealed that the Uranyl-HPIDO receptor preferred to bind to the phosphoryl oxygen (O₅) of R/S-MLXs to form stable complexes. Good enantioseparations of the two enantiomers were achieved in various solvents (water, n-Butanol, n-Octanol, dichloromethane, propanoic acid, toluene, and cyclohexane); the separation factors (SF _R/S) ranged 21–853, and the enantioselectivity coefficients (ESC _R/S) were more than 95%. The findings could theoretically offer useful information and guidance for the separation of R/S-MLXs, in addition to providing fresh concepts for the creation of novel uranyl receptors.

Ruthenium (III) anticancer candidates have been synthesized and characterized experimentally and theoretically. Their binding affinity toward biomacromolecules, in vitro anticancer activity, apoptosis, cell cycle and gene expression, and molecular docking have been explored.

Ruthenium (III) complexes (1–3) of 2-aminopyrazine (pyz) with general formula of [Hpyz][RuCl₄(DMSO)(pyz)](1), Na[RuCl₄(pyz)(DMSO)] (2), and (Hpyz)[RuCl₄(pyz)₂].2H₂O (3) have been synthesized and characterized by elemental analyses, FTIR, ¹H NMR, and UV–visible spectroscopy, along with the magnetic susceptibility and cyclic voltammetry measurements. The molecular structures of the complexes have also been optimized using density functional theory (DFT) calculation which demonstrates an octahedral geometry to be adopted by the Ru(III) ion. The UV–visible and fluorescence spectra were employed to study the interaction of the compounds with nucleic acid (ctDNA and tRNA) and bovine serum albumin (BSA). The data showed a higher tendency for the ligand and its complexes (1–3) to interact with biomolecules (1 > 2 > 3). All complexes showed potent in vitro anticancer activity against three human cancer cell lines and high safety against normal cell lines as complex (1) is the most active one, it was selected for the flow cytometric evaluation for cell death mode, cell cycle analysis, and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP9) expression in treated MDA-231 cells. Proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) expression and VEGF concentration were evaluated in the treated cells and compared with the untreated ones. Our study proved that complex (1) arrests the cell cycle, inhibits DNA transcription, reduces both MMP9 (validated by our molecular docking investigation targeting MMP9 protein) and PCNA expressions, and induces apoptotic cell death, leading to cancer metastasis prevention.

Metal complexes of thionine, azure C and azure A with copper(II) chloride were prepared using two easy steps as dissolving and then slow evaporation in acetonitrile. Cl⁻ anion in the chloride salt of PTZ dyes was formed [CuCl₃]⁻ with CuCl₂ in the solvent environment, producing its own ionic character (PTZ⁺[CuCl₃]⁻). ThCu, ACCu and AACu complexes were characterized with theoretical computations, thermal, spectral, electrochemical and fluorescence techniques. Such PTZ⁺[Metal Sult]⁻ complexes can be useful for the applications in optoelectronics with their interesting ionic characters.

Structures held together by secondary interactions such as intramolecular or intermolecular hydrogen bonding, electrostatic and π–π interaction without covalent bonds can exhibit new properties such as high orientation, optoelectronics, biocompatibility and reversibility (self-renewal). Recently, interest has been growing surrounding novel molecules fashioned through non-covalent interactions. These molecules have garnered attention due to their significant roles in both physical and chemical applications. However, the formation of complexes between cationic phenothiazine derivative dyes, commonly employed in electrochemical studies, and diverse metal groups presents a challenge. Therefore, the existing literature contains only a scant number of studies concerning the formation of phenothiazine complexes with metal salts. In this study, metal complexes of thionine, azure C and azure A with copper(II) chloride were prepared using two steps: dissolving and then slow evaporation of dyes-copper(II) chloride in acetonitrile. Besides the theoretical computations, thermal, spectral, electrochemical and fluorescence techniques were performed to determine the characteristics of the monoclinic crystals of Cu–dyes complexes. Cl⁻ ion in the dyes and copper(II) chloride conjugated to form [CuCl₃]⁻, then this anion electrostatically bound to cationic phenothiazine ring bond to be phenothiazine⁺[CuCl₃]⁻. Cu–dye complexes showed interestingly high electron transportation. In addition, prepared Cu–dye complexes have a great potential to be used in optical and spectral applications with extraordinary behaviour of their spectral and fluorescence features.

In this article, a strategy for the preparation of the Pd@CN@TiO₂ composite photocatalyst with the co-regulation of oxygen vacancies and heterojunction structure were developed. The catalyst exhibited excellent catalytic activity in the photocatalytic Suzuki coupling reaction (30 W LED: 455 nm, r.t, 3 h, Yield = 99%).

This paper reports a concise strategy for the controlled preparation of Pd@g-C₃N₄/TiO₂ photocatalysts rich in oxygen vacancies. The scheme forms black TiO₂ with oxygen vacancies on a carbon nitride material by in-situ growth and heat treatment, and then utilizes solvothermal reduction to load metallic palladium into the material. The composites were structurally analyzed using Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), elemental mapping, diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS), and inductively coupled plasma (ICP) analysis. The results show that the oxygen vacancies in the black TiO₂ materials prepared by the method reported in this paper can effectively improve the separation efficiency of the photogenerated electron–hole pairs and prolong the lifetime of the charge carriers by inhibiting charge recombination. In addition, the heterojunction structure formed between TiO₂ and g-C₃N₄ materials also enhances the photocatalytic performance of the materials to some extent. After a simple optimization of the conditions, the Pd@g-C₃N₄/TiO₂ photocatalyst could promote the Suzuki–Miyaura CC coupling reactions under mild conditions (room temperature, 30 W LED lamp, λ = 455 nm), and good biaryl yields were obtained (optimum yield = 99%). It is very noteworthy that the photogenerated electrons and holes generated by the photoexcited catalyst were confirmed to be the main active species in the photocatalytic process of the catalyst by radical trapping assay and EPR test. The Pd@g-C₃N₄/TiO₂ material reported in this paper has excellent photocatalytic activity and stability in use, which provides a new reference scheme for wider green synthesis and catalysis.

Yolk–shell Ni–Co bimetallic nitride/oxide (NiCoNO) heterostructures, derived from NiCo-glycerate solid spheres, demonstrates excellent electrochemical performance as supercapacitor electrode.

Hierarchical core–shell structure is benefit for the fast diffusion and bulk storage of electron/ion while metal nitrides (MN) exhibit metal-like behavior with excellent conductivity. Herein, nickel cobalt glycerate solid spheres (NiCo-G) and nickel cobalt glycerate yolk–shell structure (NiCo-GYS) were successfully synthesized via solvothermal reactions, accompanied by annealing using urea as a cheap and convenient nitrogen source to obtain metal nitride/bimetallic oxide core–shell heterostructure (NiCoNO). Excellent specific capacitance of 1878 F g⁻¹ at 1 A g⁻¹ is displayed by the prepared NiCoNO. Amazingly, the distinct core–shell construction guarantees high stability during the charge/discharge operation. NiCoNO maintains an 83.9% specific capacitance after 5000 cycles at 10 A g⁻¹. Furthermore, the all-solid-state hybrid supercapacitor was assembled using NiCoNO cathode and active carbon (AC) anode components. The device has an excellent capacitive retention rate of 81.1% after 5000 cycles at 10 A g⁻¹ and a good energy density of 64.2 Wh kg⁻¹ at a power density of 900 Wh kg⁻¹. A light-emitting diode (LED) bulb can be lighted for 3 min, indicating the promising practical application prospect of the supercapacitor.

Boehmite (AlOOH) is a stable phases of alumina, which was prepared by addition NaOH solutions to Al(NO₃)₃.9H₂O solution, and further, its surface was modified with (3-aminopropyl)triethoxysilane. Then, di(pyridin-2-yl)methanone was immobilized on the surface of modified AlOOH as a heterogeneous Schiff-base ligand. In the final step, a palladium complex was stabilized on its surface (Pd-di(PM)@AlOOH) as a reusable, practical, and novel catalyst in the C-C coupling of Suzuki reaction. This catalyst was characterized by TGA, FT-IR, TEM, SEM, EDS, WDX, and ICP techniques. Due to recoverability and heterogeneous nature of this catalyst, it can be reused for several runs without palladium leaching or any reactivation.

Boehmite is one of the stable phases of alumina that is easily available, and it also has a variety of applications. Therefore in this work, for preparation of AlOOH, Sodium hydroxide (NaOH) solutions was added to aluminum nitrate nonahydrate (Al(NO₃)₃.9H₂O) solution. Then, the surface of AlOOH was modified with (3-aminopropyl)triethoxysilane (APTES), due to high condensation of hydroxyl groups on its surface. Then, di(pyridin-2-yl)methanone (di(PM)) was immobilized on the surface of modified AlOOH toward synthesis of immobilized Schiff-base on AlOOH (di(PM)@AlOOH) as a heterogeneous Schiff-base ligand. Finally, a palladium complex was immobilized on its surface (Pd-di(PM)@AlOOH) as a reusable, practical, and novel nanocatalyst. Pd-di(PM)@AlOOH was characterized by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) analysis, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscope (SEM) imaging, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) analysis, wavelength-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (WDX) analysis, and inductively coupled plasma (ICP) analysis. After the characterization of Pd-di(PM)@AlOOH, its performance was used as a highly practical, stable, retrievable, and hybrid organic–inorganic catalyst in the C-C coupling of the Suzuki reaction. The hot filtration study of Pd-di(PM)@AlOOH revealed that it acts heterogeneously in the Suzuki reaction. We found that this catalyst can be recycled for five runs without palladium leaching, as studied by hot filtration test and ICP analysis.