Comprehensive Summary

This work describes a general method for the synthesis of a series of sulfenylated and selenylated carboranes at room temperature using readily available iodocarboranes as starting materials via boron-centered carboranyl radicals. Such hypervalent boron radicals are generated by a visible-light-promoted Pd(0)/Pd(I) pathway. They are useful intermediates and can be trapped by disulfides and phenylselenyl chloride for the convenient construction of B-S/Se bonds.

This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

Abstract

The development of accurate, rapid and practical electrochemical sensing technology for antibiotic detection has an important application prospect in many fields such as food safety, environmental monitoring, medical and health care. In this research, kanamycin specific nucleic acid aptamer and its partially complementary short chain were self-assembled onto the surface of an integrated portable plastic gold electrode (PGE) by Au-S bond, and a simple kanamycin electrochemical biosensor interface was constructed. At the same time, the epoxy resin channel layer was designed, and the auxiliary instrument was set up independently in the laboratory, which could help to measure and analyze eight groups of samples automatically in turn. The quantitative analysis results showed that in 20 minutes, the sensor had a good linear relationship between the peak current change of square wave voltammetry and the negative logarithm of kanamycin concentration when kanamycin concentration was in the range of 1-1000 μM, and the detection limit could reach 0.40 μM. In addition, the discrimination could be achieved within 5 minutes in the real-time analysis mode. The sensor had a simple construction method, good selectivity and stability, and could be used for rapid or real-time detection of kanamycin residues in actual water samples, which provided a new direction for the practical detection of kanamycin in environmental water samples.

This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

Comprehensive Summary

This review presents a comprehensive examination of fully conjugated covalent organic frameworks (COFs), which constitute an emerging class of porous materials with immense potential for diverse applications. This article focuses on diversified fully conjugated COFs, including sp² carbon-carbon linkages, pyrazine linkages, benzobisoxazole linkages, dioxin linkages, β-aminoalkenone linkages, etc. The synthesis techniques and structural attributes of these COFs are expounded upon in great detail, along with their potential applications in various fields. The review thus provides a valuable resource for researchers keen on delving into the synthesis and applications of fully conjugated COFs, thereby highlighting their potential for developing novel functional materials with distinctive properties.

This review presents the comprehensive progress in the utilization of rongalite as a versatile reagent in organic synthesis in recent years.

Comprehensive Summary

This review provides a comprehensive summary of progress to date in the utilization of rongalite as a versatile reagent in organic synthesis, with a focus on recent researches. The contents have been organized according to the functions exhibited by rongalite. Reaction mechanisms are provided, demonstrating the multifaceted roles of this compound in various transformations, including as a sulfone, C1 or masked proton source and as a single electron donor or reducing agent.

Comprehensive Summary

Spider silk has attracted increasing attention due to its fascinating combination of ultra-high tenacity high strength, and excellent elasticity. Based on the fundamental biological studies on spider silk, significant research efforts have been devoted to biotechnology and chemical synthesis to mimic or even exceed the properties of natural spider silk fibers. Moreover, the natural spider silk fiber has been simulated with the burgeoning development of numerous spinning technologies, including wet spinning, dry spinning, electrostatic spinning, and microfluidic spinning, which continuously help to optimize the properties of synthetic spider silk. The unique characteristics of natural spider silk include high refraction transmission, heat resistance, antimicrobial properties, biocompatibility, and super shrinking. Biconical recreation of spider silk with special features and extraordinary capabilities demonstrates potential applications in biomedicine, smart wearables, artificial muscles and sensors, aerospace and other domains.

Comprehensive Summary

Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection is a threat to human health. The lipopolysaccharide (LPS) O-antigen holds promise for developing vaccines. It is meaningful to explore the immunological activity of oligosaccharides with different lengths and frameshifts for antigen development. Herein, a glycan library of H. pylori O2 O-antigen containing eight fragments is constructed. After screening with anti-H. pylori O2 LPS sera and patients’ sera by glycan microarray, the disaccharide HPO2G-2b and trisaccharide HPO2G-3a show strong antigenicity and then are separately conjugated with carrier protein CRM197. Both glycoconjugates elicit a robust immunoglobulin G (IgG) immune response in rabbits. The anti-HPO2G-3a IgG antibodies possess a much stronger binding affinity with the LPS and bacteria of H. pylori O2 than the anti-HPO2G-2b IgG antibodies. There is no cross-reaction between both sera IgG antibodies with LPS and bacteria of H. pylori O1, O6, and E. coli. The results demonstrate the trisaccharide HPO2G-3a is a promising candidate for H. pylori vaccine development.

This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

Comprehensive Summary

Developing highly efficient and low-cost electrocatalysts towards oxygen evolution reaction (OER) is essential for the practical application in water electrolyzers and rechargeable metal-air batteries. Although Fe-based oxyhydroxides are regarded as the state-of-the-art non-noble OER electrocatalysts, the origin of performance enhancement derived from Fe doping still remains a hot topic of considerable discussion. Herein, we demonstrate that in situ generated Fe vacancies in the pristine CoFeOOH catalyst through a pre-conversion process during alkaline OER results from dynamic Fe dissolution, identifying the origin of Fe-vacancy-induced enhanced OER kinetics. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations and experimental results including X-ray absorption fine-structure spectroscopy, in situ UV-Vis spectroscopy, and in situ Raman spectroscopy reveal that the Fe vacancies could significantly promote the d-band center and valence states of adjacent Co sites, alter the active site from Fe atom to Co atom, accelerate the formation of high-valent active Co⁴⁺ species, and reduce the energy barrier of the potential-determining step, thereby contribute to the significantly enhanced OER performance.

This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

Comprehensive Summary

Different novel fused multicyclic iminosugars were synthesized from D-ribose tosylate, aniline and vinyl ethyl ether by one-pot three-component stereoselective [4+2] reaction at different temperatures. The iminium-ion is the key intermediate for the reaction. As a result, several complex fused iminosugars 3a were obtained by aza-Diels-Alder mechanism at 60 ^oC, while a series of aza-C-glycosides 5a were prepared by Mannich reaction at room temperature accompanied by another tetrahydroquinoline-fused iminosugars 4a (tricyclic derivatives) through aza-Diels-Alder cycloaddition. This strategy will help to construct structurally diverse and bioactive iminosugar analogues.

This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

Comprehensive Summary

Covalent triazine framework nanosheets (CTF NSs), an emerging class of two-dimensional nanomaterials, have received great attention due to their abundant active sites, permanent porosity, molecular structural diversity, superior chemical/thermal stability, and short charge diffusion path, enabling technological breakthroughs in a myriad of applications. The forefront developments and applications of CTF NSs as photocatalysts and electrochemical electrodes have conferred superior performance and made great impact in the field of energy and advanced catalysis. This forward-looking review aims to summarize the research trends, synthesis, properties of CTF NSs and their CTF counterpart, and highlight their progress in applications with respect to energy storage and conversion devices. Finally, the current challenges and future perspectives for CTF NSs are also presented.

This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

Comprehensive Summary

All-solution-processed organic solar cells (OSCs) (from the bottom electrode to the top electrode) are highly attractive thanks to their low cost, lightweight and high-throughput production. However, achieving highly efficient all-solution-processed OSCs remains a significant challenge. One of the key issues is the lack of high-quality solution-processed electrode systems that can replace indium tin oxide (ITO) and vacuum-deposited metal electrodes. In this paper, we comprehensively review recent advances in all-solution-processed OSCs, and classified the devices as the top electrode materials, including silver nanowires (AgNWs), conducting polymers and composite conducting materials. The correlation between electrode materials, properties of electrodes, and device performance in all-solution-processed OSCs is elucidated. In addition, the critical roles of the active layer and interface layer are also discussed. Finally, the prospects and challenges of all-solution-processed OSCs are presented.

This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.