Review: Recent Application and Progress of Metal Halide Perovskite Photodetector on Flexible Substrates

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Comprehensive Summary

In recent years, flexible photodetectors (FPDs) have received increasing attention due to their applications in electronic eyes, flexible sensing, terminal devices, and wearable devices. In addition, metallic halide perovskite materials are considered as future materials for FPDs due to their compatibility with flexible substrates, low cost, simple synthesis methods, and superior optoelectronic properties. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the relevant cutting-edge research in the field of flexible perovskite photodetectors (FPPDs) from 2020 to 2022. First, the evaluation criteria for FPPDs are discussed and the development of perovskite stability criteria is emphatically described. Afterwards, the synthesis methods and device construction processes of metal halide perovskite materials commonly used by researchers in the past three years were described. These include single crystals and low-dimensional materials. Moreover, we have elaborated on the research of self-powered FPPD and its contributions in wearability, terminals, and portability. Finally, a summary of developments and possibilities in the field of FPPDs from 2020 to 2022 is provided.

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Expansion of a Synthesized Library of N‐Benzyl Sulfonamides Derived from an Indole Core to Target Pancreatic Cancer

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Expansion of a Synthesized Library of N-Benzyl Sulfonamides Derived from an Indole Core to Target Pancreatic Cancer

A library of 43 indolyl sulfonamide analogs has been synthesized. In vitro compound cytotoxicity and metabolic inhibitory activity was determined using a pancreatic cancer cell line panel (AsPC-1, BxPC-3, CFPAC-1, MiaPaCa-2, PANC-1, Panc10.05, and SW-1990) and 9 additional cancerous and non-cancerous cell lines. Several of the synthesized compounds displayed sub-micromolar IC50 values against PANC-1 cell line.


Abstract

In an effort to further investigate previously observed activity of indolyl sulfonamides towards pancreatic cancer cell lines, a library of 44 compounds has been synthesized. The biological activity of the compounds has been determined using two different screening assay techniques against 7 pancreatic cancer cell lines and 9 non-pancreatic cancer cell lines. In the first assay, the cytotoxicity of the compounds was evaluated using a traditional (48 hour compound exposure) method. An in silico investigation was conducted to determine if the compounds might be inducing cell death by inhibiting the S100A2-p53 protein-protein interaction. In the second assay, the potential role of the compounds as metabolic inhibitors of ATP production was evaluated using a rapid screening (1–2 hour compound exposure) method. IC50 values of the hit compounds were obtained and four compounds displayed sub-micromolar potency against PANC-1 cells. The investigation has provided several compounds that display selective in vitro activity toward pancreatic cancer that warrant further development.

Silver and Gold Pillarplex Pseudorotaxanes from α,ω‐Dicarboxylic Acids

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Silver and Gold Pillarplex Pseudorotaxanes from α,ω-Dicarboxylic Acids

The encapsulation of α,ω-dicarboxylic acids into Ag(I) and Au(I) pillarplexes is discussed in this work, including the particularly interesting pore alignment of the pillarplex cations in the solid state dependent on the length of the guest, which paves the way to future mechanically interlocked molecules by the utilization of these functional acid groups.


Abstract

A series of pseudorotaxanes with supramolecular organometallic silver(I) and gold(I) pillarplexes acting as rings and different α,ω-dicarboxylic acids as axle components are reported. The successful formation of the host-guest complexes is shown by 1H NMR spectroscopy and respective NMR titration. Additional evaluation with ITC titration experiments yielded dissociation constants (Kd) ranging from 10−5 to 10−7 M. Single-crystal X-Ray diffraction analysis reveals a particularly exciting pore alignment of different examples in the solid state depending on the length of the guest. The work highlights, that dicarboxylic acids can penetrate the tight tubular pillarplex pore, paving the way to future mechanically interlocked molecules and materials.

DFT investigations on the mechanisms and kinetics for the DMS + O3 reaction

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DFT investigations on the mechanisms and kinetics for the DMS + O3 reaction

The reaction of ozone with dimethyl sulfide (DMS) was studied by quantum chemistry methods. The addition–elimination mechanism is dominant with DMSO and 1O2 formed, and H-abstraction mechanism is subdominant. The total rate constant is 1.13 × 10−20 cm3·molecule−1·s−1 at 298 K and 1 atm, in good agreement with previous experimental data. The overall rate constants are positive temperature dependent in the whole temperature range.


Abstract

The potential energy surface (PES) for the reaction of ozone with dimethyl sulfide (DMS) was calculated at the CCSD(T)/6-311++G(3df,2pd)//M06-2X/6-311++G(d,p) levels of theory. Result shows that on the singlet PES the addition–elimination mechanism is dominant, and H-abstraction mechanism is less competitive. The major channel starts from the addition of ozone and DMS leading to a weak intermediate IM1, which decomposes subsequently to DMSO and 1O2 via a barrier around 38.8 kJ/mol. With a barrier of 64.0 kJ/mol, the formation of HO3 + CH3SCH2 via H-abstraction mechanism is subdominant. Besides, DMSO + 1O2 can take place further reactions to produce several products. The substitution mechanism was located on the triplet PES, however, with a rather high barrier it is negligible. Furthermore, the rate constants for the two channels leading to DMSO + 1O2 and HO3 + CH3SCH2 were calculated from 200 to 1000 K. The total rate constant is 1.13 × 10-20 cm3·molecule-1·s-1 at 298 K and 1 atm, in good agreement with previous experimental data. The overall rate constants are positive temperature dependent in the whole temperature range.

Integration Analysis of Torrefied Empty Fruit Bunch as Feedstock to Biomass‐Based Power Generation Plants

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Integration Analysis of Torrefied Empty Fruit Bunch as Feedstock to Biomass-Based Power Generation Plants

A simulation model of the torrefaction process utilizing shredded empty fruit bunches as biomass is established, optimizing it for mass yield and energy consumption. The optimized torrefaction process is integrated into an existing biomass power plant. Torrefaction technology represents an improvement of biomass utilization technology, ultimately allowing for the maximum application of biomass energy.


Abstract

Torrefaction is a thermal procedure used to convert biomass into a substance resembling coal that possesses superior fuel properties compared to the original biomass. Torrefied biomass is hydrophobic and has a greater energy density, making it more advantageous for handling and storage. The purpose of this investigation is to establish a simulation model of the torrefaction process utilizing Malaysian biomass and optimize it for mass yield and energy consumption. Additionally, the objective is to integrate the optimized torrefaction process into an existing biomass power plant. By retrofitting a biomass-based power generation facility with torrefaction technology, the existing feedstock can be upgraded before sending it to the power plant. Essentially, torrefaction technology represents an enhancement of biomass utilization technology, ultimately allowing for the maximum application of biomass energy.