Party Politics, Volume 29, Issue 5, Page 906-917, September 2023.
While electoral reforms clearly affect how seats are (re)distributed among parties immediately after their adoption, they do not significantly change the (re)distribution of votes among parties. As political knowledge is positively related to turnout, we argue that the effect of majoritarian electoral reforms on the number of parties is contingent upon the turnout in the last election prior to the reform. Specifically, the lower the turnout level in the previous election, the more effective the majoritarian reform will be. However, the psychological effect of proportional reforms relies on the interplay between elites and voters and is highly uncertain. The argument is tested using aggregated data from 43 major electoral reforms worldwide from 1945 to 2020 and individual data from the first election held in New Zealand after the 1993 electoral reform.
Bureaucratic connections and local development: A study of Palwal district in India
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Bureaucratic connections and local development: A study of Palwal district in India
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Governing Their Way: Traditional Self-governing Institutions Among the Tai Khamtis of Arunachal Pradesh
Contemporary Voice of Dalit, Ahead of Print.
Democracy has the quality of governance as it encourages people’s participation in decision-making and provides ample space for a transparent and egalitarian society based on equality, freedom and justice. Many democratic institutions have the qualities of internal governance, which broadens the idea of transparency, accountability, equal participation, responsiveness etc. The traditional self-governing institutions also have similar internal and external qualities to a democratic institution. Notably, many tribal communities in the north-eastern part of India have several such institutions working enormously in establishing democratic temperament and quasi-judicial activities, which are otherwise the prime functions of a modern democratic institution. The Khamtis are also not an exception. Khamtis are the prime ethnic dwellers of the eastern part of Arunachal Pradesh under the district of Namsai. They have their self-governing traditional institutions, which still have been actively performing their role in the administration of the village and the tribe. Many of the village-level decisions have been taken by the self-governing institutions along with the modern democratic institutions based on customary laws. Hence, it is interesting to study how the traditional institutions are rooted in the community life of the Khamtis and the present status of those institutions with the deepening of modern democracy. This study applied a case study method for the collection of information.
Democracy has the quality of governance as it encourages people’s participation in decision-making and provides ample space for a transparent and egalitarian society based on equality, freedom and justice. Many democratic institutions have the qualities of internal governance, which broadens the idea of transparency, accountability, equal participation, responsiveness etc. The traditional self-governing institutions also have similar internal and external qualities to a democratic institution. Notably, many tribal communities in the north-eastern part of India have several such institutions working enormously in establishing democratic temperament and quasi-judicial activities, which are otherwise the prime functions of a modern democratic institution. The Khamtis are also not an exception. Khamtis are the prime ethnic dwellers of the eastern part of Arunachal Pradesh under the district of Namsai. They have their self-governing traditional institutions, which still have been actively performing their role in the administration of the village and the tribe. Many of the village-level decisions have been taken by the self-governing institutions along with the modern democratic institutions based on customary laws. Hence, it is interesting to study how the traditional institutions are rooted in the community life of the Khamtis and the present status of those institutions with the deepening of modern democracy. This study applied a case study method for the collection of information.
Social Marginality, Adversity and Adolescent Thriving in India: A Narrative Review
Contemporary Voice of Dalit, Ahead of Print.
All human beings are inherently motivated for self-improvement and growth. People tend to respond diversely in the face of adversity, from succumbing and recovering to remaining resilient and thrive. The present narrative review is not an exhaustive review of the existing literature on thriving but is an informed effort to add to the adolescent thriving discourse within the conceptual background of social marginality in the Indian context. This review thus defines and summarizes perspectives, determinants and assessment of thriving. It also discusses the interaction between social marginality, adversity and adolescences. Finally, this review discusses the opportunities opened by the new National Education Policy 2020 for thriving interventions and research.
All human beings are inherently motivated for self-improvement and growth. People tend to respond diversely in the face of adversity, from succumbing and recovering to remaining resilient and thrive. The present narrative review is not an exhaustive review of the existing literature on thriving but is an informed effort to add to the adolescent thriving discourse within the conceptual background of social marginality in the Indian context. This review thus defines and summarizes perspectives, determinants and assessment of thriving. It also discusses the interaction between social marginality, adversity and adolescences. Finally, this review discusses the opportunities opened by the new National Education Policy 2020 for thriving interventions and research.
Performance-related pay, fairness perceptions, and effort in public management tasks: a parallel encouragement design
International Review of Administrative Sciences, Ahead of Print.
This randomized study explores the causal mechanisms linking contingent pay to individual performance on a series of tasks mimicking real public management activities. Employing a parallel encouragement design in a laboratory setting, we disentangle the overall, direct, and indirect performance effects of perceived fairness as well as a pay scheme that reproduces the merit system provisions adopted by the Italian government. The overall performance effect of that contingent pay scheme turned out to be insignificant when averaged across the four experimental tasks. However, a significant pay-for-performance effect was detected for the most routine task. Moreover, we observed heterogeneity in the treatment effect depending on the participants’ relative positioning in the performance ranking. Overall, the data do not provide support for a mediation model linking contingent pay-for-performance through perceived fairness.Points for practitionersWorkers tend to perceive pay-for-performance as fairer than equal pay.The effectiveness of pay-for-performance seems to be greater for more routine tasks.Public organizations and their managers should be aware that the effects of pay-for-performance may be unpredictable because they depend on a multitude of factors.
This randomized study explores the causal mechanisms linking contingent pay to individual performance on a series of tasks mimicking real public management activities. Employing a parallel encouragement design in a laboratory setting, we disentangle the overall, direct, and indirect performance effects of perceived fairness as well as a pay scheme that reproduces the merit system provisions adopted by the Italian government. The overall performance effect of that contingent pay scheme turned out to be insignificant when averaged across the four experimental tasks. However, a significant pay-for-performance effect was detected for the most routine task. Moreover, we observed heterogeneity in the treatment effect depending on the participants’ relative positioning in the performance ranking. Overall, the data do not provide support for a mediation model linking contingent pay-for-performance through perceived fairness.Points for practitionersWorkers tend to perceive pay-for-performance as fairer than equal pay.The effectiveness of pay-for-performance seems to be greater for more routine tasks.Public organizations and their managers should be aware that the effects of pay-for-performance may be unpredictable because they depend on a multitude of factors.
The Israeli elephant in the settler-colonial room
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The mediation effect of radical right parties on the nexus between immigration and right-wing terrorism
Party Politics, Volume 29, Issue 5, Page 878-891, September 2023.
How does political representation of radical right parties (RRP) affect the relationship between immigration and right-wing terrorism targeting out-group members? Drawing on right-wing terrorism data of 31 OECD member states between 1970 and 2017, this paper explored the threefold relationship. Causal mediation analysis revealed that while growing immigration increases right-wing terrorism, RRPs have a mediation effect of decreasing attacks. Sensitivity analysis and robustness checks lend support to the findings. The article provides novel implications for the political consequences of RRP success and the effect of political representation on extremist violence.
How does political representation of radical right parties (RRP) affect the relationship between immigration and right-wing terrorism targeting out-group members? Drawing on right-wing terrorism data of 31 OECD member states between 1970 and 2017, this paper explored the threefold relationship. Causal mediation analysis revealed that while growing immigration increases right-wing terrorism, RRPs have a mediation effect of decreasing attacks. Sensitivity analysis and robustness checks lend support to the findings. The article provides novel implications for the political consequences of RRP success and the effect of political representation on extremist violence.
Placing the Dalit Women at the Intersections: A Sociological Study of Dom Women of Kolkata
Contemporary Voice of Dalit, Volume 15, Issue 1_suppl, Page S180-S187, August 2023.
This article uses Crenshaw’s (Standford Law Review, 1989, vol. 43, pp. 1241–1299) concept of intersectionality to understand the everyday experiences at the workplace of the lower-caste Dalit women belonging to the manual scavenging community (Dom community) of Kolkata, West Bengal. This article tries to map out and understand the concept of intersectionality by placing the Dalit women at the intersections of caste, class, and gender oppression and see how these structures play out in her everyday life. This article will attempt to place the experiences of the Dalit women vis-à-vis their male and upper-caste lower-class female counterparts to understand how their experiences are similar or different from them. This article is based on the narratives collected through interviews and tries to explore how lying at the intersections produces everyday instances of violence and humiliation for Dalit women. This article highlights how structures of oppression often overlap in various ways to produce our everyday lives.
This article uses Crenshaw’s (Standford Law Review, 1989, vol. 43, pp. 1241–1299) concept of intersectionality to understand the everyday experiences at the workplace of the lower-caste Dalit women belonging to the manual scavenging community (Dom community) of Kolkata, West Bengal. This article tries to map out and understand the concept of intersectionality by placing the Dalit women at the intersections of caste, class, and gender oppression and see how these structures play out in her everyday life. This article will attempt to place the experiences of the Dalit women vis-à-vis their male and upper-caste lower-class female counterparts to understand how their experiences are similar or different from them. This article is based on the narratives collected through interviews and tries to explore how lying at the intersections produces everyday instances of violence and humiliation for Dalit women. This article highlights how structures of oppression often overlap in various ways to produce our everyday lives.
Book review: Ghanshyam Shah, Kanak Kanti Bagchi and Vishwanatha Kalaiah (Eds.), Education and Caste in India: The Dalit Question
Contemporary Voice of Dalit, Ahead of Print.
Ghanshyam Shah, Kanak Kanti Bagchi and Vishwanatha Kalaiah (Eds.), Education and Caste in India: The Dalit Question (South Asia Edition). Routledge, 2020, 232 pp., ₹995 (Hardcover). ISBN: 978-0-367-74943-9.
Ghanshyam Shah, Kanak Kanti Bagchi and Vishwanatha Kalaiah (Eds.), Education and Caste in India: The Dalit Question (South Asia Edition). Routledge, 2020, 232 pp., ₹995 (Hardcover). ISBN: 978-0-367-74943-9.