Indian Journal of Psychological Medicine, Ahead of Print.
Category Archives: Indian Journal of Psychological Medicine
Urine Drug Screening as Adjunct to History Taking During Intake in Addiction Services
Indian Journal of Psychological Medicine, Ahead of Print.
When a Sibling Has Autism: Narrative Review of Interventions for Typically Developing Siblings
Indian Journal of Psychological Medicine, Ahead of Print.
Being a typically developing sibling to a child with autism spectrum disorder (ASD-Sib) can be associated with several behavioral and mental health problems. With this understanding, researchers are beginning to focus on sibling-oriented interventions. This review seeks to evaluate the current literature on such interventions. We searched digital databases and identified eight relevant studies. The sample (n = 247) had an age range of 4–16 years. The outcomes were generally positive, with improvements in different facets of ASD-Sibs. Results differed due to varied intervention styles, outcome variables, methods, and samples. Our findings highlight the potential for improvement in ASD-Sib’s knowledge of autism and their psychological functioning and hence call for further research with robust methods.
Being a typically developing sibling to a child with autism spectrum disorder (ASD-Sib) can be associated with several behavioral and mental health problems. With this understanding, researchers are beginning to focus on sibling-oriented interventions. This review seeks to evaluate the current literature on such interventions. We searched digital databases and identified eight relevant studies. The sample (n = 247) had an age range of 4–16 years. The outcomes were generally positive, with improvements in different facets of ASD-Sibs. Results differed due to varied intervention styles, outcome variables, methods, and samples. Our findings highlight the potential for improvement in ASD-Sib’s knowledge of autism and their psychological functioning and hence call for further research with robust methods.
Objective Structured Clinical Examination for Postgraduate Training and Assessment in Psychiatry: Manipal Experience
Indian Journal of Psychological Medicine, Volume 45, Issue 5, Page 533-536, September 2023.
Balancing Regulation and Autonomy: NCAHP Act and the Psychology Profession in India
Indian Journal of Psychological Medicine, Ahead of Print.
Witch-Hunting Experiences in Jharkhand: Scope for Mental Health Interventions
Indian Journal of Psychological Medicine, Ahead of Print.
Maternal and Neonatal Risk Factors Associated with Perinatal Depression—A Prospective Cohort Study
Indian Journal of Psychological Medicine, Ahead of Print.
Background:Perinatal depression (PND) is often under-treated and under-recognized. It has a negative impact on infant development and mother–child interactions. This study aims to estimate the prevalence of PND during pregnancy and in the postpartum period and the effect of sociodemographic factors, psychosocial stressors, and obstetric and neonatal factors on PND.Methods:166 antenatal mothers attending tertiary center, who completed the 1st-trimester, were evaluated on baseline sociodemographic, psychosocial, obstetric, neonatal, and post neonatal factors by using a semi-structured questionnaire. Periodic prospective assessments were done using Hamilton depression rating scale (HAMD) at the end of the second and third trimesters and first and sixth weeks of the postpartum period.Results:Prevalence of PND was 21.7%, 32.2%, 35%, 30.4%, and 30.6%, at the end of the first trimester, during second, and third trimesters, and first and sixth week postpartum, respectively. Factors significantly associated with depressive symptoms included history of previous children with illness (P: 0.013, OR—5.16, CI—1.3-19.5) and preterm birth (P: 0.037, OR—3.73, CI—1.1- 13.2) at the time of recruitment; history of abuse (P: 0.044, OR—3.26, CI—1.1-10.8) and marital conflicts (P: 0.003, OR—3.2, CI—1.4-6.9) by the end of second trimester; history of miscarriages (P: 0.012, OR—2.58, CI—1.2-5.4) by the end of third trimester; lower SES (P: 0.001, OR—3.48, CI—1.64-7.37), unsatisfied living conditions (P: 0.004, OR—2.9, CI—1.4-6.04), alcohol use in husband (P: 0.049, OR—2.01, CI—1.1-4.11), history of depressive episodes (P: 0.049, OR—2.09, CI—1.1-4.46), history of high-risk pregnancy (P: 0.008, OR—2.7, CI—1.29-5.64), history of miscarriages (P: 0.049, OR—2.04, CI—1.1-4.2), stressful events in the postpartum period (P: 0.043, OR—2.58, CI—1.01-6.59), IUD (P: 0.002), preterm birth (P: 0.001), congenital malformations (P: 0.001), dissatisfaction with the sex of the child (P: 0.005, OR—3.75, CI—1.42-9.91), poor family support (P: 0.001), and low birth weight (P: 0.001, OR—16.78, CI—6.32-44.53) in the postpartum period. These analyses are purely exploratory.Conclusions:PND is highly prevalent from the early antenatal period onwards; this warrants periodic assessment of depression among high-risk mothers, using a validated tool, for early diagnosis and management.
Background:Perinatal depression (PND) is often under-treated and under-recognized. It has a negative impact on infant development and mother–child interactions. This study aims to estimate the prevalence of PND during pregnancy and in the postpartum period and the effect of sociodemographic factors, psychosocial stressors, and obstetric and neonatal factors on PND.Methods:166 antenatal mothers attending tertiary center, who completed the 1st-trimester, were evaluated on baseline sociodemographic, psychosocial, obstetric, neonatal, and post neonatal factors by using a semi-structured questionnaire. Periodic prospective assessments were done using Hamilton depression rating scale (HAMD) at the end of the second and third trimesters and first and sixth weeks of the postpartum period.Results:Prevalence of PND was 21.7%, 32.2%, 35%, 30.4%, and 30.6%, at the end of the first trimester, during second, and third trimesters, and first and sixth week postpartum, respectively. Factors significantly associated with depressive symptoms included history of previous children with illness (P: 0.013, OR—5.16, CI—1.3-19.5) and preterm birth (P: 0.037, OR—3.73, CI—1.1- 13.2) at the time of recruitment; history of abuse (P: 0.044, OR—3.26, CI—1.1-10.8) and marital conflicts (P: 0.003, OR—3.2, CI—1.4-6.9) by the end of second trimester; history of miscarriages (P: 0.012, OR—2.58, CI—1.2-5.4) by the end of third trimester; lower SES (P: 0.001, OR—3.48, CI—1.64-7.37), unsatisfied living conditions (P: 0.004, OR—2.9, CI—1.4-6.04), alcohol use in husband (P: 0.049, OR—2.01, CI—1.1-4.11), history of depressive episodes (P: 0.049, OR—2.09, CI—1.1-4.46), history of high-risk pregnancy (P: 0.008, OR—2.7, CI—1.29-5.64), history of miscarriages (P: 0.049, OR—2.04, CI—1.1-4.2), stressful events in the postpartum period (P: 0.043, OR—2.58, CI—1.01-6.59), IUD (P: 0.002), preterm birth (P: 0.001), congenital malformations (P: 0.001), dissatisfaction with the sex of the child (P: 0.005, OR—3.75, CI—1.42-9.91), poor family support (P: 0.001), and low birth weight (P: 0.001, OR—16.78, CI—6.32-44.53) in the postpartum period. These analyses are purely exploratory.Conclusions:PND is highly prevalent from the early antenatal period onwards; this warrants periodic assessment of depression among high-risk mothers, using a validated tool, for early diagnosis and management.
Medication Adherence among Primary Care Patients with Common Mental Disorders and Chronic Medical Conditions in Rural India
Indian Journal of Psychological Medicine, Ahead of Print.
Background:Only a few studies have explored the relationship between psychosocial factors and medication adherence in Indian patients with noncommunicable diseases (NCDs). We aimed to examine the association of psychosocial variables with medication adherence in people with NCDs and comorbid common mental disorders (CMDs) from primary care in rural southern India.Methods:We performed a secondary analysis using baseline data from a randomized controlled trial in 49 primary care health centers in rural southern India (HOPE study). Participants were adults (≥30 years) with NCDs that included hypertension, diabetes, and/or ischemic heart disease, and comorbid depression or anxiety disorders. Medication adherence was assessed by asking participants if they had missed any prescribed NCD medication in the past month. Data were collected between May 2015 and November 2018. The association between psychosocial and demographic variables and medication nonadherence were assessed via logistic regression analyses.Results:Of the 2486 participants enrolled, almost one-fifth (18.06%) reported missing medication. Male sex (OR = 1.74, 95% CI 1.37–2.22) and higher internalized mental illness stigma (OR = 1.46, 95% CI 1.07–2.00) were associated with higher odds of missing medication. Older age (OR = 0.40, 95% CI 0.26–0.60, for participants aged 64–75 years vs 30–44 years), reporting more social support (OR = 0.65, 95% CI 0.49–0.86), and higher satisfaction with health (OR = 0.74, 95% CI 0.61–0.89) were associated with lower odds of missing medication.Conclusions:Greater internalized mental illness stigma and less social support are significantly associated with lower rates of medication adherence in patients with NCDs and comorbid CMDs in rural India.
Background:Only a few studies have explored the relationship between psychosocial factors and medication adherence in Indian patients with noncommunicable diseases (NCDs). We aimed to examine the association of psychosocial variables with medication adherence in people with NCDs and comorbid common mental disorders (CMDs) from primary care in rural southern India.Methods:We performed a secondary analysis using baseline data from a randomized controlled trial in 49 primary care health centers in rural southern India (HOPE study). Participants were adults (≥30 years) with NCDs that included hypertension, diabetes, and/or ischemic heart disease, and comorbid depression or anxiety disorders. Medication adherence was assessed by asking participants if they had missed any prescribed NCD medication in the past month. Data were collected between May 2015 and November 2018. The association between psychosocial and demographic variables and medication nonadherence were assessed via logistic regression analyses.Results:Of the 2486 participants enrolled, almost one-fifth (18.06%) reported missing medication. Male sex (OR = 1.74, 95% CI 1.37–2.22) and higher internalized mental illness stigma (OR = 1.46, 95% CI 1.07–2.00) were associated with higher odds of missing medication. Older age (OR = 0.40, 95% CI 0.26–0.60, for participants aged 64–75 years vs 30–44 years), reporting more social support (OR = 0.65, 95% CI 0.49–0.86), and higher satisfaction with health (OR = 0.74, 95% CI 0.61–0.89) were associated with lower odds of missing medication.Conclusions:Greater internalized mental illness stigma and less social support are significantly associated with lower rates of medication adherence in patients with NCDs and comorbid CMDs in rural India.
Narratives Against Stigma: The Walking Tour at a Neuropsychiatric Hospital with a Baseline Assessment of Public Attitudes and Stigma
Indian Journal of Psychological Medicine, Ahead of Print.
Measuring Resilience Among Sri Lankan Healthcare Workers: Validation of the Brief Resilience Scale in Sinhalese and Tamil Languages
Indian Journal of Psychological Medicine, Volume 45, Issue 5, Page 542-543, September 2023.