SAGE Open, Volume 13, Issue 4, October-December 2023.
Coupling tourism development (TD), scientific and technological innovation (ST), and ecological environment (EE) is crucial to regional sustainable development, and it is necessary to explore the spatial and temporal characteristics. The study constructs a coordinated development evaluation index system for the three subsystems. And the spatiotemporal characteristics of the coupling coordination between TD, ST, and EE were revealed by applying the entropy method, coupling coordination model and based on the panel data of 30 regions in China from 2005 to 2020. The results show that: (1) the comprehensive development index and coupling coordination degree show an increasing trend, focusing on the stages of endangered and mild imbalance recession;(2) Most regions are in a state of high coupling and low coordination, mainly concentrated in tourism lagging or science and technology lagging; (3) the coupling coordination shows a spatial pattern as the moderate imbalance in the northwest and the relative balance in the southeast, with a vast regional disparities and clustering characteristics; and (4) the gray prediction model shows that the coupling coordination degree will continue the upward trend in the future. In a nutshell, this research presents a novel framework and results that can be used as an evaluation index and policy insights for coupling TD, ST, and EE.
Latent profile analysis of successful aging among empty nesters in Guiyang, China
.
Concerns on the Use of Ketamine in the Treatment of Depression
Indian Journal of Psychological Medicine, Ahead of Print.
A first impression of the future
Abstract
We offer a response to six commentaries on our target article ‘Understanding trait impressions from faces’. A broad consensus emerged with authors emphasizing the importance of increasing the diversity of faces and participants, integrating research on impressions beyond the face, and continuing to develop methods needed for data-driven approaches. We propose future directions for the field based on these themes.
The Cambridge handbook of working memory and languageBy John W. Schwieter and Zhisheng (Edward) Wen (Eds.), Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2022. Hardcover US $155.00. ISBN: 9781108845342
British Journal of Psychology, Volume 114, Issue 4, Page 1017-1018, November 2023.
Issue Information
British Journal of Psychology, Volume 114, Issue 4, Page i-iv, November 2023.
Preparing children to cope with earthquakes: Building emotional competence
Abstract
Natural disasters, including earthquakes, can have a traumatic impact on children's psychological wellbeing and development. The efficacy of interventions aimed at enhancing children's socio-emotional learning has been documented in the literature. At the same time, these techniques are the key for training children for possible future disasters by enhancing their knowledge about behavioural preparedness and emotional competence. However, research on evidence-based training programs on earthquakes combining digital and traditional activities is scarce. We tested the efficacy of a 10-unit training program for primary school children, developed within the Emotional Prevention and Earthquakes in Primary School (PrEmT) project. The program aimed at increasing knowledge of and metacognition about earthquakes, safety behaviours, emotions, and coping strategies, through digital (using the web-application HEMOT®, Helmet for EMOTions, developed ad-hoc) and traditional activities (completing paper-and-pencil tasks). The participants were 548 second and fourth-graders from Italian schools. They were divided into an experimental group (participating in the training program) and a control group. Both groups participated in pretests and posttests to evaluate changes in their knowledge of training-related contents. For ethical reasons, we also measured children's wellbeing. Generalized linear mixed models indicated an improvement in the experimental group's knowledge and metacognition about earthquakes, safety behaviours, emotions, and coping strategies after the training program, compared to the control group. Children's general wellbeing did not deteriorate during participation in the project. The results documented the efficacy of the evidence-based training program developed within the PrEmT project. The program provides a preventive method for enhancing earthquake-related resilience that could be generalized to other kinds of disasters.
‘So Help Me God’? Does oath swearing in courtroom scenarios impact trial outcomes?
Abstract
In countries such as Britain and the US, court witnesses must declare they will provide truthful evidence and are often compelled to publicly choose between religious (“oath”) and secular (“affirmation”) versions of this declaration. Might defendants who opt to swear an oath enjoy more favourable outcomes than those who choose to affirm? Two preliminary, pre-registered survey studies using minimal vignettes (Study 1, N = 443; Study 2, N = 913) indicated that people associate choice of the oath with credible testimony; and that participants, especially religious participants, discriminate against defendants who affirm. In a third, Registered Report study (Study 3, N = 1821), we used a more elaborate audiovisual mock trial paradigm to better estimate the real-world influence of declaration choice. Participants were asked to render a verdict for a defendant who either swore or affirmed, and were themselves required to swear or affirm that they would try the defendant in good faith. Overall, the defendant was not considered guiltier when affirming rather than swearing, nor did mock-juror belief in God moderate this effect. However, jurors who themselves swore an oath did discriminate against the affirming defendant. Exploratory analyses suggest this effect may be driven by authoritarianism, perhaps because high-authoritarian jurors consider the oath the traditional (and therefore correct) declaration to choose. We discuss the real-world implications of these findings and conclude the religious oath is an antiquated legal ritual that needs reform.
Resource scarcity aggravates ingroup bias: Neural mechanisms and cross‐scenario validation
Abstract
Previous studies examining the relationship between ingroup bias and resource scarcity have produced heterogeneous findings, possibly due to their focus on the allocation of positive resources (e.g. money). This study aims to investigate whether ingroup bias would be amplified or eliminated when perceived survival resources for counteracting negative stimuli are scarce. For this purpose, we exposed the participants and another confederate of the experimenters (ingroup/outgroup member) to a potential threat of unpleasant noise. Participants received some ‘relieving resources’ to counteract noise administration, the amount of which may or may not be enough for them and the confederate in different conditions (i.e. abundance vs. scarcity). First, a behavioural experiment demonstrated that intergroup discrimination manifested only in the scarcity condition; in contrast, the participants allocated similar amounts of resource to ingroup and outgroup members in the abundance condition, indicating a context-dependent allocation strategy. This behavioural pattern was replicated in a follow-up neuroimaging experiment, which further revealed that when contrasting scarcity with abundance, there was higher activation in the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) as well as stronger functional connectivity of the ACC with the empathy network (including the temporoparietal junction and medial prefrontal cortex) for ingroup compared to outgroup members. We suggest that ACC activation reflects the mentalizing process toward ingroup over outgroup members in the scarcity condition. Finally, the ACC activation level significantly predicted the influence of resource scarcity on ingroup bias in hypothetical real-life situations according to a follow-up examination.
Collaboration to improve cross‐race face identification: Wisdom of the multi‐racial crowd?
Abstract
Face identification is particularly prone to error when individuals identify people of a race other than their own – a phenomenon known as the other-race effect (ORE). Here, we show that collaborative “wisdom-of-crowds” decision-making substantially improves face identification accuracy for own- and other-race faces over individuals working alone. In two online experiments, East Asian and White individuals recognized own- and other-race faces as individuals and as part of a collaborative dyad. Collaboration never proved more beneficial in a social setting than when individual identification decisions were combined computationally. The reliable benefit of non-social collaboration may stem from its ability to avoid the potential negative outcomes of group diversity such as conflict. Consistent with this benefit, the racial diversity of collaborators did not influence either general or race-specific face identification accuracy. Our findings suggest that collaboration between two individuals is a promising strategy for improving cross-race face identification that may translate effectively into forensic and eyewitness settings.